The International Journal of Professional Management - ISSN 20422341
A Critical Review on the Push and Pull Factors for Expatriate Repatriation
Volume 13, Issue 1, January 2018
Venkateswaran A/L Ramachandran
Malaysian Institute of Human Resource Management
Venki_ram_mal@yahoo.com
William CHUA
PhD (Mgmt), MBA, BSc (Maths/Ed), MMIM, MIIKM, Honorary Fellow,
Professor and Doctoral Supervisor, IPE Management School, Paris
Abstract
The movement of people has seen an exponential increase in the expatriate population in most developing and developed countries. While this movement inwards seems to be ongoing, there is also a movement in the reverse direction. There has been a substantial increase of expatriates returning to their home countries. This study aims to conceptualise some of the key of push and pull factors to explain the repatriation intentions of returnees. Proposing two propositions, this conceptual paper then analyses related articles on the facts about expatriate repatriation. It is expected that all the pull-push factors discussed are associated with home and host countries that have a significant impact on returnees' intention to repatriate. The study adds to the limited number of empirical studies on self-initiated repatriation and brain circulation of returnees in emerging economies, especially Malaysia.
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